Understanding Oral Cancer: Risk Factors and Common Locations
Oral cancer can develop in various parts of the mouth and throat, including the tongue, tonsils, oropharynx, gums, floor of the mouth, lips, inner cheeks, and hard palate. Although it can affect anyone, men are twice as likely as women to be diagnosed with the disease. The risk is particularly high for men over 50 who smoke heavily and consume alcohol regularly. Additional key risk factors include:
- UV Exposure: Prolonged exposure to sunlight or sunlamps
- Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD): Chronic acid reflux
- Prior Radiation Therapy: Previous radiation treatments to the head or neck
- Chemical Exposure: Contact with harmful substances
- Poor Nutrition: Deficiencies in essential nutrients
While advancements in early detection and treatment have helped reduce oral cancer mortality rates, the number of oropharyngeal cancer cases has increased—largely due to the spread of the human papillomavirus (HPV), a sexually transmitted infection.
Raising Awareness About Oral Cancer
Oral cancer ranks among the top ten most common cancers worldwide. Thanks to ongoing progress in research, prevention, and treatment, patient outcomes have significantly improved. When detected early, the survival rate exceeds 80%, underscoring the importance of regular screenings and awareness.
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